Interests are thus organized into monopolistic, coercive groups (coercive because they must be able to keep their members in line, like in a union or party that has mechanisms for enforcing discipline). Masses delegate their views to elites who represent them. Chapter 1'Democracy is a system in which parties lose elections' (10). Third, the conditions for consolidation of democracy. Second, the conditions for transition to democracy. Political forces comply with present defeats because they believe that the institutional framework that organizes the democratic competition will permit them to advance their interests in the future' (19).Two key ideas: institutionalized uncertainty, and consolidationFirst, a definition of democracy.
They allow them to think about the future rather than being concerned exclusively with present outcomes. Why would the losers choose to comply with the results? The key: democratic institutions help give political actors a 'long time horizon. In BriefThe key puzzle: Democracy makes winners and losers.
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